TRAINING TALK - A GLOSSARY（訓練時に使用する必要単語）
Here are a few of the terms you’re likely to encounter during your training. Aerobatics: Flight that commonly involves barrel rolls, spins, and other high-performance maneuvers. Aileron: A movable surface on the back of the wings that changes the roll of the airplane. Airfoil: A curved body, such as a wing, that causes lift when air moves over it. Airline Transport Pilot: A pilot who has completed Transport Canada’s requirements for the Airline Transport Licence, including a minimum of 1,500 hours of flight time and passing two knowledge exams. Allows a pilot to act as pilot-in-command of an aircraft that carries more than 18 people. Airworthy: The state of being capable of flight, usually referring to an airplane’s mechanical condition. Avionics: The radios and navigation instruments. Check Ride: The "driver’s test" a pilot takes in the airplane to earn a certificate or rating. Also known as the Practical Test or Flight Test. Commercial Pilot: A pilot who has completed Transport Canada’s requirements for the commercial licence, including a minimum of 200 hours of flight time and passing a knowledge exam and flight test. Currency: Meeting the legal requirements to exercise the pilot licence. Usually, it requires a certain number of hours of flight time over a given period of time. Dead Reckoning: A method of navigation that requires a pilot to fly a certain direction for a certain time at a certain speed to reach a destination a known distance away. Elevators: Moveable sections of the tail that pitch the nose up or down. Flaps: The movable section of the wing that increases lift and drag and allows for slower, steeper descents during landing. Flight computer: A manual slide rule or electronic calculator used to determine wind correction, fuel consumption, airspeed, and other performance calculations during flight planning. Flight Test: A review of flying skills and aviation knowledge conducted by a flight instructor every two years. Global Positioning System (GPS): An array of stationary satellites that allows users to locate their exact position on the earth. Horizontal stabilizers: The horizontal sections of the tail that include the elevators. Instrument flight rules (IFR): A flight solely by reference to the cockpit instruments during low visibility or bad weather. Instrument meterological conditions (IMC): Weather that includes reduced visibility and cloud ceilings that require a pilot to fly by reference to his or her cockpit instruments. Logbook: A register book that lists a pilot’s flight time, instructor endorsements, and completed training topics. Main Gear: The landing gear underneath the fuselage of the aircraft; usually under the cockpit. Medical Certificate: A legal document issued by an aviation doctor stating a pilot is physically fit to fly. A valid medical certificate is required to be in the possession of the pilot during all flights. Multi-engine Aircraft: An aircraft with two or more engines. Nose Gear: The landing gear nearest the nose of the aircraft in a tricycle-gear airplane. Pilotage: Navigating by reference to a map and visible landmarks. Pitch: The up and down movement of the aircraft’s nose about the center of gravity. Practical Exam: The "driver’s test" a new pilot takes in the airplane to earn a pilot certificate. Also known as a "check ride" or "flight test".
Private Pilot: A pilot who has completed the Federal Aviation Administration’s requirements for the private certificate, including a minimum of 45 hours of flight time and passing a knowledge exam and flight test. Recurrent Training: Annual or semi-annual training used to refresh a pilot’s knowledge and skills in a variety of flight situations, including in-flight emergencies. Regional Airline: A commuter airline. Roll: The rotation of the airplane around its nose-to-tail axis. Rudder: Section of the tail that moves the nose to the left or right. Rudder pedals: Foot pedals in the cockpit that control the rudder, brakes, and steering of the aircraft. Stability: The ability of an aircraft to return to level flight on its own after the controls are moved. Tailwheel Airplane: An airplane with a small wheel underneath the tail of the aircraft, and two larger wheels under the wings. Also called "conventional gear" aircraft. Type Rating: A rating to a pilot’s certificate that states he or she is able to fly a particular type of sophisticated or large aircraft, such as a Cessna Citation X business jet. Uncontrolled Airport: An airport without air traffic control; pilots fly into and out of these airport using standard operating procedures to avoid one another. Unimproved Airport: An airport with runways made of grass, dirt, or gravel, instead of concrete or asphalt. Vertical Stabilizers: The upright portion of the aircraft’s "tail." Visual Flight: A flight made by referencing the horizon and other outside landmarks. Yaw:
The level, "wagging" back-and-forth movement of the
aircraft’s nose about its center of gravity.
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